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November 12, 2026
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15-minute read time. 11 images. 2 video clips.
The BOOK of REVELATION
Its Astounding Relevance for the 20th and 21st Centuries.
Section 5 of this Commentary
The “WOMAN CLOTHED with the SUN”
Revelation 12:1-6
Part 1 of 4
She represents the EARTHLY NATION of ISRAEL.
Joe Maniscalco created this mural-style painting. All rights reserved.
On the left: "A woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars." Revelation 12:1-5. As the woman is about to give birth, a "great red dragon" appears—with seven heads and ten horns—standing before her "so that he might devour her child as soon as it was born." Who is the woman, and who is her child? What do the "great red dragon," his seven heads, and his ten horns symbolize?
In the center: Jesus Christ was crucified, buried, and rose from the dead on the third day. He was then "snatched away and taken to God and to his throne." Revelation 12:5. In the painting, the spotless Lamb on the cross represents the glorified Lord Jesus Christ, in accordance with the symbolism found in Revelation 5:6-10.
On the right: "And the woman was given the two wings of the great eagle, so that she could fly from the serpent into the wilderness, to her place." Revelation 12:14. Behind her is the "great red dragon" and the "water like a river" that he poured out "to sweep her away with the flood” but she was saved.
The BOOK of REVELATION
12:1-6
1 A great portent appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars. 2 She was pregnant and was crying out in birth pangs, in the agony of giving birth.
3 Then another portent
appeared in heaven: a great red dragon, with seven heads and ten horns and seven diadems on his heads. 4 His tail swept down a third of the stars of heaven and threw them to the earth. Then the dragon stood before the woman who was about to deliver a child, so that he might devour her child as soon as it was born. 5 And she gave birth to a son, a male child, who is to rule all the nations with a scepter of iron. But her child was snatched away and taken to God and to his throne, 6 and the woman fled into the wilderness, where she has a place prepared by God, so that there she can be nourished for one thousand two hundred sixty days.” NRSVUE (New Revised Standard Version Updated Edition)
I. The identity of the "woman clothed with the sun." “A great portent appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars.” Revelation 12:1.
“…appeared in heaven." The setting for this magnificent vision is “HEAVEN,” where an extraordinary woman appears at the center of
scene, an event described as “a great portent.” Most versions translate “great SIGN.” A “portent” or “sign” of whom, or of what? Revelation 12 answers this intriguing question through everything it reveals about the “woman.”
Having spent considerable time contemplating the various facets of this vision and its compelling progression, I shall, in the 4 “Parts” covering it, present my personal conclusion regarding the identity of the “woman clothed with the sun,” offering reasons that I find—at the very least—to be quite logical and highly persuasive. Subsequently, we will examine carefully two other proposed identities for her, both of which I believe to be incorrect.
A. The “woman clothed with the sun” represents the EARTHLY PEOPLE of ISRAEL, that is, the fleshly descendants of the patriarch ISRAEL, the earthly “commonwealth of Israel.” Romans 9:6, Ephesians 2:12. Three principal chains of evidence lead to this conclusion.
1. First chain of evidence. “And she gave birth to a son.” Revelation 12:5. The “son” born to this woman is Jesus Christ. We know that the “son” is the Lord Jesus based on two statements made about him:
a) He will “...rule all the nations with a scepter of iron” (Revelation 12:5)—an authority conferred solely and exclusively upon Jesus Christ by His Father, God, in heaven. Revelation 2:26–27; Revelation 19:15
b) He “...was snatched away and taken to God and to his throne.” Revelation 12:5
(1) Forty days after His resurrection—and just ten days before Pentecost in the year 30 CE (Common Era)—Jesus “was lifted up, and a cloud took him out of their sight.” He was “lifted up” from among the apostles. Acts 1:6–11
(2) He was “exalted at the right hand of God” (Acts 2:33), receiving a “throne” and a “scepter.” Hebrews 1:8
c) Anyone reading the account in Revelation 12:2–5 regarding the “woman” in this vision and the birth of her “male child” would likely immediately think of the Israelite woman named “Mary”—who was betrothed to Joseph, son of Jacob and a descendant of David (Matthew 1:1–17)—at the time she “was found to be pregnant from the Holy Spirit.” Matthew 1:18–25
However, in Part 2 we present very strong reasons for NOT IDENTIFYING the “woman clothed with the sun” as Mary, the earthly mother of Jesus. We have chosen not to present them in this Part 1 because the evidence is so extensive. Assuming, for the moment, that we are correct, we propose that the earthly nation of Israel is, in fact, represented in the person and body of the woman named Mary—the one through whom the Father “brings the Firstborn into the world.” Hebrews 1:6
Physically, Jesus is born of the Jewish woman Mary—who was, indeed, “highly favored” (most versions) and “blessed… among women” (some versions). Luke 1:28. Yet, in being born of her, he is also born of an entire people who collectively longed for the appearance of their promised Messiah. Evidence supporting this affirmation is as follows.
(1) When the child Jesus is brought to Jerusalem and presented “according to the Law of Moses”—which stated, “Every male who opens the womb shall be called holy to the Lord”—the elderly Simeon, a man who was also “looking forward to the consolation of Israel,” took the child Jesus “in his arms,” saying of Him: “a light for revelation to the
Gentiles and for glory to your people Israel.” Luke 2:28–32. Note well: “glory” not only of His earthly mother, Mary, but “…to your people Israel.”